Glossary ​

  • BOA, Bottom-of-Atmosphere, surface reflectance values after atmospheric correction has been applied to remove the effects of the atmosphere.
  • BRDF, Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function, a function that defines how light is reflected at an opaque surface, used in satellite imagery to normalize illumination and viewing geometry effects.
  • COG, Cloud-Optimized GeoTIFF, a regular GeoTIFF file aimed at being hosted on a HTTP file server, with an internal organization that enables more efficient workflows on the cloud by allowing clients to request only the parts of the file they need.
  • COPERNICUS EU, or Copernicus Programme of just Copernicus is European Earth observation initiative, managed, coordinated and owned by the European Commission. It is a project which consist of countless participants across the EU contributing to it, from the European Space Agency operating the satellite fleet to small companies evaluating and producing all forms of data to the Earth observation field.
  • EOX (https://eox.at), full name EOX IT Services GmbH, is an Austrian company specializing in handling of Earth observation data and corresponding platform development, such as EOxCloudless an almost cloud-free global mosaic (https://s2maps.eu), VirES for SWARM (https://vires.services) and AEOLUS (https://aeolus.services), provider of various basemaps (https://maps.eox.at), DIAS MUNDI contractor, and more.
  • EOxCloudless is the product family of various remote sensing, GIS, and derived products provided by the company EOX. Link: https://cloudless.eox.at
  • EPSG, a public registry of geodetic parameters used for coordinate system identification (e.g., EPSG:4326 for WGS84).
  • GDAL, Geospatial Data Abstraction Library, a powerful open-source translator library for raster and vector geospatial data formats.
  • GeoPackage, an open, standards-based, platform-independent, portable, self-describing, compact format for transferring geospatial information, based on a SQLite database container.
  • GeoTiff is an image format with geospatial metadata information for use in GIS, remote sensing, or other software.
  • Level-1C (L1C), a Sentinel-2 product level representing Top-of-Atmosphere (TOA) reflectance, orthorectified and geometrically corrected.
  • Level-2A (L2A), a Sentinel-2 product level representing Bottom-of-Atmosphere (BOA) surface reflectance, derived from Level-1C products using atmospheric correction.
  • Mapcache, a high-performance tile caching tool and server used to pre-generate and serve map tiles via WMS or WMTS protocols.
  • Mapchete an open source map tiling tool developed on the EOX grounds to make GIS data processing on any scale as easy as possible. Link: https://github.com/ungarj/mapchete
  • Mosaic a composite of multiple images merged into a single output.
  • NDVI, normalized difference vegetation index, most common index in remote sensing, chlorophyll sensitive in near infrared, therefore the basic indicator of the "greenest" scene.
  • OpenLayers is an open-source map visualization tool. Link: https://openlayers.org/
  • Sentinel-2 cloudless is a former name of EOxCloudless. It is an almost cloud-free global mosaic created by EOX as one of the basemaps of https://maps.eox.at, the mosaic itself can be found here: https://s2maps.eu. The product family of it is EOxCloudless (https://cloudless.eox.at).
  • Sentinel-1 European Earth observation satellite owned by the European Commission under the Copernicus Programme, operated by the European Space Agency. Equipped with a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) operating in 4 modes, flying in sun-synchronous orbit cca. 700[km] above the Earth's surface.
  • Sentinel-2 European Earth observation satellite owned by the European Commission under the Copernicus Programme, operated by the European Space Agency. Equipped with a multispectral instrument (MSI) operating in 13 spectral ranges, flying in sun-synchronous orbit cca. 780[km] above the Earth's surface.
  • STAC, SpatioTemporal Asset Catalog, a specification that provides a common language to describe a range of geospatial information, so it can more easily be indexed and discovered.
  • TOA, Top-of-Atmosphere, reflectance values measured by the satellite sensor before any atmospheric correction is applied.
  • VRT, Virtual Raster Dataset, a GDAL format that allows a virtual dataset to be composed of other GDAL datasets, enabling on-the-fly mosaicking, reprojection, and other operations without creating a new physical file.
  • WMS, Web Map Service, a standard protocol for serving georeferenced map images over the Internet.
  • WMTS, Web Map Tile Service, is a standardized protocol for serving georeferenced map tiles over the internet, developed and defined by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC).

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